July 2009

Piano Lessons

Early technological progress owed much to the English firm of Broadwood, who already had a reputation for the splendour and powerful tone of its harpsichords. Broadwood constructed instruments that were progressively larger, louder, and more robustly constructed. They sent pianos to both Joseph Haydn and Ludwig van Beethoven, and were the first firm to build pianos with a range of more than five octaves: five octaves and a fifth during the 1790s, six octaves by 1810 (Beethoven used the extra notes in his later works), and seven octaves by 1820. The Viennese makers similarly followed these trends, however the two schools used different piano actions: Broadwoods were more robust, Viennese instruments were more sensitive.

Grand pianos have the frame and strings placed horizontally, with the strings extending away from the keyboard. This makes the grand piano a large instrument, for which the ideal setting is a spacious room with high ceilings for proper resonance. There are several sizes of grand piano. Manufacturers and models vary, but a rough generalization distinguishes the "concert grand" (between about 2.2 m to 3 m long) from the "parlor grand" (about 1.7 m to 2.2 m) and the smaller "baby grand" (which may be shorter than it is wide).

Piano Lessons

Florida Home Insurance

A thousand years later, the inhabitants of Rhodes invented the concept of the 'general average'. Merchants whose goods were being shipped together would pay a proportionally divided premium which would be used to reimburse any merchant whose goods were jettisoned during storm or sinkage.

The Greeks and Romans introduced the origins of health and life insurance c. 600 AD when they organized guilds called "benevolent societies" which cared for the families and paid funeral expenses of members upon death. Guilds in the Middle Ages served a similar purpose. The Talmud deals with several aspects of insuring goods. Before insurance was established in the late 17th century, "friendly societies" existed in England, in which people donated amounts of money to a general sum that could be used for emergencies.

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Breast CT Scanner Could Improve Cancer Screen Comfort (HealthDay)

FRIDAY, July 31 (HealthDay News) -- Breast computed tomography
(CT) scans, already used experimentally to diagnose breast cancer, may
also be able to treat it, a California researcher reports.

"Breast CT is superior to mammography for [detecting] masses," said
John Boone, vice chair of research radiology at the University of
California Davis. He presented information about the potential of breast
CT for treatment this week at the American Association of Physicists in
Medicine meeting, in Anaheim, Calif.

Since 2004, Boone has led a group of UC Davis researchers in developing
the breast CT scan for diagnosing breast cancer in women. The technology's
pluses, said Boone, include being more comfortable than conventional
mammograms but just as safe.

More than 200 women have been scanned with the custom-designed breast
CT prototype scanner, he said. The technology has not yet made its way
into clinical practice, he said, but preliminary results look good.
"Breast CT is still experimental for diagnosis," he said. But it is
already looking to be more effective than traditional mammography at
detecting breast masses.

More work needs to be done to find microcalcifications, tiny specks of
calcium which don't always mean cancer is present but bear checking, he
added.

Next, Boone hopes to use the breast CT scanner to guide interventional
procedures such as a robotic biopsy, radiofrequency ablation and
cryoablation to treat breast cancer.

With the breast CT scanner, a woman lies on her stomach, face down on
the table while the breast drops through a hole in the table; the CT
scanner then rotates around the breast. The position is considered more
comfortable, especially for big-breasted women.

Boone hopes that the new scanner could be used to perform image-guided
therapies such as the technique known as radiofrequency ablation. "It
literally heats up the tissue, cooks the tumor and kills the tumor," he
said. It may help some women avoid lumpectomy and follow-up radiation
therapy.

"The concept is good," said Dr. Chika Madu, an assistant professor of
radiation oncology at Georgetown University Hospital in Washington,
D.C.

But she added a caveat that the energy level talked about by Boone may
have to be adjusted. "It may come at a price of increased toxicity to the
skin," she noted.

The technique may not work for all cancers or all women, she added. "In
small-breasted women, not enough breast may come through the hole
sufficiently [to treat]," she said. Cancer that is close to the chest wall
rather than the nipple may not be treatable by this technique either, she
said.

Even so, Madu said, "I think it's worth exploring."

Boone's study was funded partially by the industry, including Varian
Medical Systems, Fuji Medical Systems and Hologic Corp.

In another presentation at the same meeting, Michael O'Connor, a
professor of radiologic physics at the Mayo Clinic in Rochester, Minn.,
reported on molecular breast imaging (MBI), a new technique that uses
gamma cameras designed for breast imaging.

"The devices look somewhat like a mammography unit," he said. A small
amount of radioisotopes is given intravenously and is taken up by any
tumors in the breasts, he said.

In a study of 1,000 patients, mammography picked up three cancers but
MBI picked up 10, he said.

Next, O'Connor hopes to reduce the dose of radioisotopes and begin a
clinical trial. The technique is expected to especially benefit women with
dense breasts, for whom mammography is not as accurate at cancer
detection.

Efforts to find ways to detect small cancers that can't be felt on
exams should be stepped up, said Dr. Gary Whitman, a professor of
radiology at M.D. Anderson Cancer Center in Houston. Other studies suggest
MBI has promise, he said, but O'Connor's finding "would need to be
confirmed."

More information

To learn more about early detection of breast cancer, visit the American Cancer Society.

Seth Rogen Goes Off On Katherine Heigl's "Bats--t" Comments (E! Online)

Los Angeles (E! Online) –
They got knocked up together, but these days it's more like they're trying to knock each other out.

Seth Rogen and Judd Apatow appeared on Howard Stern's radio show this morning to talk about masturbation and their new film Funny People, but the pair were soon airing some publicist-unapproved opinions of Knocked Up cohort Katherine Heigl, who memorably revealed to Vanity Fair she found the film "a little sexist" and that it "paints the women as shrews."

Rogen and Apatow started riffing on the uplifting elements of Heigl's vibrating panties in The Ugly Truth, before Rogen dropped this quote, "I gotta say, it's not like we're the only people she said some bats--t crazy things about. That's kind of her bag now."

So after all this she said-he said stuff, who's left holding the bag? Rogen, who's also in a spat with the guys from Entourage, or Heigl, who seems free with her opinions by Hollywood standards?

··· THEY SAID WHAT? Get today's most commented stories now at www.eonline.com

Agent: McNair's estate not an issue for family (AP)

JACKSON, Miss. – Even though he left no will, slain former NFL quarterback Steve McNair's entire immediate family has been provided for under instructions he left before his death.
McNair's former agent, James "Bus" Cook, told The Associated Press on Wednesday that McNair's wife, Mechelle, is not trying to exclude McNair's mother and two children he had with other women.
McNair was killed July 4 in a murder-suicide committed by Sahel Kazemi.
Cooks says McNair had wills drawn up two or three times but never signed them. He said Mechelle McNair is not contesting the legal status of her husband's two other children, but that court documents might have confused reporters.

Adult Costumes

Adult Costumes

The ballerina Marie Tagolioni, in the nineteenth century discarded weighty costumes and began wearing what the standard ballet uniform is today, a lightweight skirt. This change allowed the image of increased physical prowess (Penrod 13). Marie Tagolioni also inspired the first tutu. As dance increased in athleticism more of the body was revealed. The hemline of the tutu grew shorter until the leg was revealed and the pelvic area was framed in a tiny skirt (Art of Production 57).

Male dancer’s standard costume includes tights and a tunic worn on the upper body. Men’s tights should be pulled up firmly in the crotch to avoid a baggy appearance. Their tights are a heavier less shear material then women’s tights, but they also wear their tights’ seams in the back. Men wear a dance belt under their tights for support and to keep the body aligned. Men also wear a regular belt or suspenders to hold up their tights.

Oil posts biggest loss since April as supplies jump (Reuters)

NEW YORK (Reuters) –
Oil dropped nearly 6 percent on Wednesday to near $63 a barrel in the biggest one-day slide since April after data showed a surge in U.S. crude inventories on higher imports and lower refinery activity.

Crude stocks in the world's top consumer jumped 5.1 million barrels in the week to July 24, according to data from the U.S. Energy Information Administration, countering analyst expectations for an inventory draw.

The build came as crude imports hit a six-month high and refiners -- their profits battered by limp demand -- cut back on their processing rates.

U.S. crude traded down $3.88, or 5.77 percent, to settle at $63.35 a barrel in the biggest percentage decline since April 20. London Brent fell $3.35 to $66.53 a barrel.

Over the past four weeks, U.S. fuel consumption dropped 4.1 percent against year-ago levels, led by a 10.7 percent drop in demand for distillates, which include key industrial fuels such as diesel. Distillate stocks rose to the highest level in nearly 25 years, while gasoline stockpiles fell, the EIA said.

"The build this week will put more pressure on oil, especially given that we were already seeing return of risk aversion across markets, with the U.S. dollar climbing and the stock market lower," said Rachel Ziemba, lead energy analyst for RGE Monitor in New York.

Optimism an economic recovery has helped push crude prices up from below $33 a barrel in December, with investors looking toward positive economic data for signs of a turnaround in flagging oil demand.

U.S. stock markets (.N) traded lower on Wednesday and the dollar rose broadly as investors piled into safer havens.

Further pressure came after commerce Department data showed new durable goods orders fell 2.5 percent in June, the largest percentage drop since January, after rising 1.3 percent in May.

Falling demand due to the recession knocked crude off record highs near $150 a barrel hit last July, clipping a six-year rally in commodities that had been fueled by rapid growth expansion in emerging economies such as China.

The wide swings in prices has raised concern over speculation in commodities markets, prompting the U.S. Commodities Futures Trading Commission to consider implementing position limits for some commodity futures.

CFTC Gary Gensler said on Wednesday he supported exemptions from tough new investor limits for bona fide hedgers, however, despite worries they could limit the usefulness of position limits.

"While I believe that we should maintain exemptions for bona fide hedgers, I am concerned that granting exemptions for financial risk management can defeat the effectiveness of position limits," he said during the second day of hearings on tightening regulatory oversight of U.S. futures markets.

A senior analyst for the International Energy Agency said volatile oil prices may have reached a floor.

"The evidence so far suggests that prices have probably reached a floor which may be around $50 to $60," Eduardo Lopez told Reuters on the sidelines of an oil and gas conference in Cape Town.

(Additional reporting by Gene Ramos and Robert Gibbons in New York and Joe Brock and Barbara Lewis in London; Editing by Christian Wiessner)

Mass. woman killed, infant removed from her womb (AP)

WORCESTER, Mass. – Police in central Massachusetts are trying to figure out who killed an expectant mother, removed a fetus from her womb and dumped her body in a closet. The fetus is missing.
Darlene Haynes was about eight months pregnant when she was last seen alive. Her body was discovered Monday after her landlord went to check on a report of a strong odor coming from her apartment in Worcester (WUS'-tur), New England's second-largest city.
Police say the 23-year-old Haynes was found wrapped in bedding. An autopsy shows her fetus was removed.
Police say the missing infant could survive but would need medical attention immediately.
The medical examiner has ruled the woman's death a homicide.

Making of memoir: Jackson, Jackie and `Moonwalk' (AP)

NEW YORK – On the morning after Michael Jackson died, literary agent Joy Harris began getting the e-mails: When, publishers wanted to know, would Jackson's memoir "Moonwalk" be returned to print?
"It did seem abrupt to me," Harris said. "But when I thought about it, it didn't surprise me, in the way that everything is so immediate these days."
Within days, Harris had forwarded the e-mails to Jackson's attorneys and soon the real discussions began. "Moonwalk," originally acquired by then-Doubleday editor Jackie Kennedy and published in 1988, will be reissued in October by Random House Inc. with a first printing of 100,000 copies and a new introduction from a Jackson friend who has not been identified.
Jackson's representatives wanted to act quickly. Just a week after his death, executors of the singer's estate filed papers in a Los Angeles court stating that book deals should be reached "as soon as possible" in order to capitalize on "the notoriety surrounding Michael Jackson's unexpected death" and ensure that "profits for the Estate will be maximized."
According to Harris, several U.S. publishers were interested in the memoir but — assuming the price was right — both Harris and the lawyers who had handled Jackson's book wanted to stay with his original editor, Shaye Areheart. Her Harmony imprint at Random House will handle the release. (Kennedy died of cancer in 1994.)
"She was professional with Michael and she was respectful," Harris, who declined to offer financial details for the new edition, said of Areheart. "She had worked for Jackie a long time and she was comfortable around celebrity."
The book is also coming out in Germany, France and the United Kingdom.
"Moonwalk" was a classic celebrity project. It was not written or even conceived by Jackson. The contents were kept secret right up to the moment of release; around the printing plant the book had the code name "Neil Armstrong." It topped The New York Times hardcover nonfiction list, but within a few years was forgotten and out of print.
The idea began in the mid-1980s, when "Thriller" was at the top of the charts and the singer at the height of his career. Jackie Kennedy, a celebrity at least as famous and even more secretive as Jackson, admired him, was fascinated by him and wanted him to tell his story.
Kennedy and fellow editor Areheart met with Jackson at his home in Encino, Calif. Areheart remembered Jackson as "smart and funny and gracious," without any symptoms of the tabloid target he would become over the following two decades.
"He was just a lively, in-touch guy," she said. "And he did have his act together."
Other publishers were interested but Jackson was equally in awe of Kennedy and wanted to publish with her.
"They got along very well," Areheart said. "She thought he was so sweet."
Much of the field work was done by Areheart. Over the next few years, she would fly out to California and meet with Jackson at his Encino home, often in a large study that had a fireplace, and ask questions that he would answer by speaking into a tape recorder.
The project took longer than Areheart had anticipated, not because Jackson was uncooperative, but because he was busy — touring, recording and otherwise being Michael Jackson.
"His time was constantly not his own," she said.
"Moonwalk" was released in the spring of 1988. Reviewing the book in The New York Times, music critic Ken Tucker called "Moonwalk" eccentric, contradictory and helplessly revealing. Jackson, he wrote, was "a master of deadpan banality," slipping out "significant information between the lines of psychobabble."
Along with common statements about fame ("It hurts to be mobbed") and the media ("What happened to truth? Did it go out of style?"), Jackson confided to being physically beaten by his father, to having twice had his nose changed by plastic surgery and to wearing just one glove because "two gloves seemed so ordinary." The book was dedicated to Fred Astaire and included a brief note from Kennedy, who asked, "What can one say about Michael Jackson?"

Doubleday printed 300,000 copies for release and eventually sold around 500,000, according to the current publisher, Harmony. The promotional budget was $150,000, a lot of money for 1988, although not quite in range for the man who perfected the long-form music video.

Jacqueline Deval, then the book's publicist and now publisher of Hearst Books, said she had just one conversation with Jackson. She could not persuade him to give interviews, but he was very eager to discuss a possible promotional spot.

"He had this fabulous idea for a TV commercial for the book," she said. There would be music playing and a camera would show his feet, his steps moving to the beat. And then a major celebrity friend, such as Elizabeth Taylor, would say something about Michael Jackson.

Then the camera would pan up to his knees, and there would be another celebrity talking about him. And so on, until we finally see his face. I think it would have been fabulous, but it was way beyond the budget of any book publisher."

New Jersey's Corruption Scandal: The Israeli Connection (Time.com)

The mass arrests in the New Jersey corruption scandal last week were big news - in Israel. Images of prominent rabbis and Jewish businessmen being cuffed and arrested after morning prayers filled the front pages under headlines trumpeting the discovery of the "Jewish laundry" used to bribe prominent New Jersey officials allegedly using Israeli charities. In particular, Israeli commentators seized on the connection between several of those arrested and prominent figures in Shas, the ultra-orthodox Sephardi Torah Guardians Party, founded by the octogenarian Rabbi Ovadia Yosef, who remains its spiritual leader.
Among those arrested on July 23 were Rabbi Eliahu Ben Haim and Rabbi Edmund Nahum, who are reportedly close to Rabbi Ovadia Yosef and his son, Rabbi David Yosef. Ben Haim and Nahum were allegedly major fundraisers for Shas and Yosef family networks of educational institutions. According to a report on Israeli television, Rabbi David Yosef was also said to have been the target of Solomon Dwek, the FBI's chief informant, who asked the rabbi to help him launder a check for $25,000. David Yosef reportedly declined. (Read about the New Jersey corruption sting.)
Leaders of Shas, which won 11 seats in the Knesset and is the fourth largest member of Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu's coalition government, told TIME the party has no connection to the scandal. Roei Lachmanovich, spokesman for Shas Party leader Eli Yishai, told TIME that fundraising by the American rabbis for Sephardi institutions in Israel did not mean they were connected to Shas. He said that Shas institutions - including the rabbinical schools, or yeshivas - received their budget directly from the Israeli government and denied that Shas had been involved in any money-laundering or illegal activity. Furthermore, he said that Rabbi David Yosef was not a member of Shas and did not represent the party. "Besides the fact that he is Rabbi Ovadia Yosef's son, he has no formal connection to the Shas organization," said Lachmanovich.
One of those arrested was a Brooklyn man, Levy Izhak Rosenbaum, who was charged with trading in human organs. In Jerusalem's ultra-orthodox community this week, Rosenbaum, who claimed to be a real estate dealer, was described as a macher (fixer) who assisted renal patients in finding appropriate medical treatment in the United States. According to the official complaint, however, Rosenbaum planned to give an Israeli donor $10,000 and then charge the client who requested the kidney $160,000. The payment would be laundered through what Rosenbaum described first as a "congregation," then as a charity. According to published reports, Rosenbaum ran the Brooklyn branch of Kav Lachayim, a charity for sick children that was once supported by convicted financier Bernie Madoff. (Read about how kidney-trafficking works.)
The Shas media reacted to the entire scandal with countercharges of anti-Semitism. Yitzhak Kakun, editor of the Shas newspaper Yom Le'Yom told the Jerusalem Post: "The FBI purposely attempted to arrest as many rabbis as possible at once in an attempt to humiliate them." Meanwhile, Nissim Ze'ev, a Shas Knesset member, said, "The U.S. police are trying to make it seem as though there is some kind of Jewish mafia."
This is not the first time, however, that the Shas party has been embroiled in a corruption controversy. Two Shas ministers have been convicted on corruption charges in recent years. Yossi Klein Halevi, a senior fellow at the Adelson Institute for Strategic Studies in Jerusalem, explains that some parts of the ultra-orthodox community tend to disregard secular law, despite a tenacious adherence to the minutest detail of Jewish religious ritual. Says Halevi: "You have a kind of borderless community that in its best expressions maintains international charity efforts that are second to none. But the dark side of this is a mentality that often too easily slides into rationalizations for acts that cannot be rationalized, with the idea that the end justifies the means. Here we are raising money for charitable institutions, and therefore we're allowed to cut corners." Halevi adds: "There have been other examples in the past of drug-running happening under cover of certain religious institutions here. There have been too many examples of abuse in the past."
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